在我们普通的学生时代里，大家肯定都接触过知识点吧！知识点就是考试常涉及的内容或者经常出题之处。那么，具体包含哪些知识点呢？下面是小编整理汇总的基础英语知识点，欢迎阅读与收藏。

第一部分、基础知识

1. 字母：26个字母的大小写

大写：ABCDEFGHIJKLMNOPQRSTUVWXYZ

小写：abcdefghijklmnopqrstuvwxyz

2. 语音：元音发音 五个元音字母：AEIOU

12个单元音：长元音：/ɑ:/，/ :/，/ :/， /i:/，/u:/

短元音：/ / /e/ /i/ / / /∧/ /u/ / /

3. 词汇：词汇量，近反义词

4. 句子：大小写，标点符号

第二部分、语法知识

一、名词：名词单复数，名词的格

(一)名词单复数

1. 一般情况，直接加-s，例如：book-books, bag-bags, cat-cats, bed-beds

2. 以s. x. sh. ch结尾，加-es，例如：bus-buses, box-boxes, brush-brushes, watch-watches

3. 以“辅音字母+y”结尾，变y为i, 再加-es，例如：family-families, strawberry-strawberries

4. 以“f或fe”结尾，变f或fe为v, 再加-es，例如：knife-knives

5. 不规则名词复数：

man-men,

woman-women,

policeman-policemen,

policewoman-policewomen, mouse-mice

child-children,

foot-feet,

tooth-teeth,

fish-fish,

people-people,

Chinese-Chinese,

Japanese-Japanese

不可数名词的复数就是原形： paper, juice, water, milk, rice, tea

(二)名词的格

1. 有生命事物的名词所有格：

(1) 单数后加 ’s 如: Lucy’s ruler my father’s shirt

(2)以s 结尾的复数名词后加 ’如: his friends’ bags

(3)不以s 结尾的复数后加 ’s children’s shoes

并列名词中，如果把 ’s加在最后一个名词后，表示共有；

如:Tom and汤姆和迈克共有的小汽车为Mike‘s car

若要表明所有物并非共有，应在并列名词后分别加‘s。

例如：Tom‘s and Mike‘s cars 意为汤姆和麦克各自的小汽车

二、冠词：不定冠词与定冠词的种类：

(一) 不定冠词：a / an

以元音读音开头的可数名词前使用an：

an egg / an apple / an orange / an eraser / an answer / an ID card / an alarm clock / an actor / an actress / an e - mail / an address / an event / an example / an opera / an hour an old man / an interesting book / an exciting sport / an action movie / an art lesson /

(二) 定冠词：the

定冠词的用法如下：

1. 特指某些人或某些物：The ruler is on the desk.

2. 复述上文提及的人或物：He has a sweater. The sweater is new.

3. 谈话双方都知晓的人或物：The boys aren‘t at school.

4. 用于序数词之前：John‘s birthday is February the second.

5. 用于固定词组之中：in the morning / afternoon / evening 不使用冠词的情况：

(1) 专有名词之前：China is a big country.

(2) 名词前有定语：this , that , my , your , some, any , no 等：

This is my baseball.

(3) 复数名词表示一类人和事物：Monkeys can‘t swim. They are teachers.

(4) 在节日、日期、月份、季节之前：Today is Christmas Day. It‘s Sunday.

(5) 一日三餐之前：We have breakfast at 6:30.

(6) 球类 棋类运动前：After class, they often play football. At home, he plays chess. * 但乐器前要用定冠词：I can play the guitar very well.  

(7)学科名称前：Music is my favorite subject.  

(8)在称呼或头衔的名词前：This is Mr Li.  

(9)固定词组中：at noon, at night, by bus  

三、形容词，副词：比较级，最高级  

(一)、形容词的比较级  

1、形容词比较级用于两个事物或人的对比，句子中一般带有than。比较级前可用more或a little修饰以体现程度。than后的人称代词通常用主格（口语中也可用宾格）。  

2.形容词加er的规则：  

⑴ 一般情况下，在词尾直接加er；  

⑵ 以字母e结尾的单词，加r；  

⑶ 以一个元音字母加一个辅音字母结尾时，双写末尾辅音字母再加er；  

⑷ 以―辅音字母+y‖结尾的单词，先将y变为i，再加er。  

3.不规则形容词比较级：  

good-better, beautiful-more beautiful  

(二)副词的比较级  

1.形容词与副词的区别 (有be用形，有形用be; 有动用副，有副用动)  

⑴ 形容词通常位于名词前或be动词后；  

⑵ 副词常出现在实义动词之后。  

2.副词比较级的变化规则基本与形容词相同 (不规则变化：well-better, far-farther)  

四、数词：基数词，序数词  

(一)基数词  

1.1-20  

one, two, three, four, five, six, seven, eight, nine, ten, eleven, twelve, thirteen, fourteen, fifteen, sixteen, seventeen, eighteen, nineteen, twenty  

2.21-99  

先说―几十‖，再说―几‖，中间用连字符连接。  

23→twenty-three, 34→thirty-four, 45→forty-five, 56→fifty-six, 67→sixty-seven, 78→seventy-eight, 89→eighty-nine, 91→ninety-one  

3.101—999  

先说―几百‖，再加and，最后加末两位数或末位数；  

586→five hundrEighty-six and ed，803→three hundred and eight

4.l，For numbers above 1,000，start counting from the right and add a "，" every three digits. The first "，" is followed by thousand，the second "，" by million，and the third "，" by billion. 1，001→one thousand and one

18，423→eighteen thousand，four hundred and twenty-three

6，260，309→six million two hundred and sixty thousand three hundred and nine

750，000，000，000→seven hundred and fifty billion

(二)Ordinal numbers

1.Generally，add th to cardinal numbers

eg.four→fourth，thirteen→thirteenth

2.Irregular changes

one→first，two→second，three→third，five→fifth，eight→eighth，nine→ninth，twelve—twelfth

3.For tens ending in y，change y to ie and then add th

twenty→twentieth， forty→fortieth， ninety→ninetieth

4.From twenty - one onwards，for "tens - ones" up to "hundreds - tens - ones" or "thousands - hundreds - tens - ones"，only change the ones digit of the cardinal number to an ordinal number.

twenty - first，two hundred and forty - fifth The rhyme for changing cardinal numbers to ordinal numbers: Changing cardinal to ordinal follows rules. Add -th to the end.

One，two，three are special. Their endings are t，d，d. For eight，remove t; for nine，remove e; replace ve with f. Change y in ty to i，and put e before th.

When it comes to tens - ones，use cardinal for the higher part and ordinal for the lower part.

Five，Prepositions: Common prepositions: in，on，at，behind，etc.

(一).at indicates a specific point of time (at a certain moment，time，or stage).

at 1：00(dawn，midnight，noon)At one o'clock (dawn，midnight，noon)

(二).on indicates specific dates.

Note:(1)Several ways to express "on weekends":

at(on)the weekend Specifically refers to weekends

at(on)weekends Generally refers to weekends

over the weekend Throughout the weekend

during the weekend During the weekend

(2)At Christmas should be said instead of on Christmas

(3)在（刚刚……）之际。

Upon arriving in the city, he phoned his parents. 一抵达城市，他就给父母拨了一个电话。

(三).in.表示“时段”、“时期”，多数情况下能和during互换，前者侧重对比，后者侧重持续。in(during)1988(December，the 20th century)在一九八八年（十二月、二十世纪）

六、动词：

动词的四种时态：

(一)一般现在时：

一般现在时的构成

1.be动词：主语+be(am, is, are)+其它。例如：I am a boy. 我是一个男孩。

2. 行为动词：主语+行为动词（+其它）。例如：We study English. 我们学习英语。当主语是第三人称单数(he, she, it)时，动词后要加"-s"或"-es"。例如：Mary likes Chinese.玛丽喜欢汉语。动词+s的变化规则

(1)通常状况下，直接加-s，例如：cook-cooks, milk-milks

(2)以s. x. sh. ch. o结尾，加-es，例如：guess-guesses, wash-washes, watch-watches, go-goes 3.以“辅音字母+y”结尾，变y为i, 再加-es，例如：study-studies

(二)一般过去时:

动词过去式详解 动词的过去式的构成规则有：

1.、规则动词

① 一般直接在动词的后面加ed：如 worked , learned , cleaned , visited

② 以e结尾的动词直接加d：如 lived , danced , used

③ 以辅音字母加y结尾的动词要改y为i再加ed(这类动词较少)如 study – studied carry

– carried worry – worried (注意play、stay不是辅音字母加y,所以不属此类)

④ 双写最后一个字母(这类动词较少)如 stopped B、不规则动词(这类词并无规律，须牢记)小学阶段要记住以下动词的原形和过去式：sing – sang , eat – ate ,

see – saw , have – had , do – did , go – went , take – took , buy – bought , get – got , read– read, fly – flew, am/is – was,

are – were, say – said, leave – left, swim – swam, tell – told, draw – drew, come – came, lose – lost, find – found, drink – drank, hurt – hurt, feel – felt

(三)一般将来时： 基本结构：

①be going to + do;

②will+ do. be going to = will I will go swimming tomorrow(明天). = I am going to go swimming tomorrow.

(四)现在进行时: am,is,are+动词现在分词

动词现在分词详解 动词的ing形式的构成规则：

① 通常情况下直接在词尾加上ing , 如doing , going , working , singing , eating

② 以e 结尾的动词，去掉e再加ing ，如having , writing

③ 双写最后一个字母的(这类动词很少)有：running , swimming , sitting , getting

第三部分、句 法

一、陈述句

(一)肯定句：用肯定的语气来表达的句子，如：I‘m a student. She is a doctor. He works in a hospital.

There are four fans in our classroom. He will eat lunch at 12:00. I watched TV yesterday evening.

(二)、否定句：包含否定词或者表示否定意义词的句子，如：I‘m not a student. She is not(isn‘t) a doctor.

He does not (doesn‘t) work in a hospital. There are not (aren‘t) four fans in our classroom. He will not (won‘t) eat lunch at 12:00. I did not (didn‘t) watch TV yesterday evening.二. 疑问句

(一)一般疑问句：这是用来询问事实的句子，这类句子必须用“yes”或者“no”来作答。

(二)特殊疑问句：由特殊疑问词（what，where，who，which，when，whose，why，how等）引导的句子。这类句子应当根据提问内容作答，不能用“yes、no”来回应。

(三)There be句型

There be句型与have、has的区别：

1、There be句型表示：在某地存在某物（或人）

2、在there be句型里，主语为单数时，be动词用is；主语为复数时，be动词用are；如果有多个物品，be动词依据离它最近的那个名词而定。

3、there be句型的否定句是在be动词后加not，一般疑问句把be动词放在句首。

4、there be句型与have（has）的区别：there be表示在某地存在某物（或人）；have（has）表示某人拥有某物。

5、some和any在there be句型中的使用：some用于肯定句，any用于否定句或者疑问句。

6、and和or在there be句型中的使用：and用于肯定句，or用于否定句或者疑问句。

7、针对数量提问的特殊疑问句的基本结构为：

How many + 名词复数 + are there + 介词短语？How much + 不可数名词 + is there + 介词短语？